Abnormal menstrual bleeding refers to any changes or irregularities in a woman’s menstrual cycle. Here are five signs of abnormal menstrual bleeding: Heavy or prolonged bleeding: Menstrual bleeding that is unusually heavy or lasts longer than seven days is considered abnormal. This may involve soaking through sanitary pads or tampons more frequently than usual or passing large blood clots. Irregular cycle length: A regular menstrual cycle typically occurs every 21 to 35 days. If there are signif

Postcoital bleeding (bleeding after intercourse) & intermenstrual bleeding (bleeding between periods) need to be investigated. They could be caused by something innocent like a cervical ectropion (when cells from the cervical canal migrate to the surface of the cervix) or contraception. They may be due to an STI. However, these symptoms are sometimes a sign of cervical cancer so always need to be reported✋🏼 . Postmenopausal bleeding; Some bleeding in the first months of MHT (menopause hormone t

Intermittent (irregular) bleeding can have many causes, depending on age, hormonal status, pregnancy risk, and cervical/uterine pathology. 1. Hormonal / functional causes (most common) ✅Ovulatory dysfunction • Adolescence (immature HPO axis) • Perimenopause / menopause transition • Stress, weight change, illness, excessive exercise ✅Hormonal contraception • Combined pill (especially low-dose) • Progestogen-only pill, implant, injection • Hormonal IUS (common in first 3–6 months) ✅HRT-related • I