A complex piece of equipment, the converging-diverging steam jet used in vacuum distillation units is subject to a wide array of malfunctions that are often misunderstood or overlooked by plant ...

Figure 1. Vacuum chamber (left) and hot bond controller (right) along with a vacuum source for the inner bag and chamber are all connected and ready to run a double vacuum debulk (DVD) process. Inset ...

Distinguishing between pressure sensors can be challenging. The widespread use of synonymous terminologies like transducer, sensor, and transmitter only compounds the issue and makes pressure sensor ...

Pressure is the amount of force applied per unit area. Pressure can be measured by a pressure gauge, but it is important to know the type of pressure the gauge is reading. This article will cover the ...

Vacuum drying methods are integral to the chemical process industries (CPI), enabling the drying of sensitive materials without compromising critical properties. Heat-sensitive intermediates and ...