A stroll on the beach can mean sinking your toes into smooth sand or walking firm-footed on a surface that appears almost solid. While both properties are commonplace, exactly what it is that makes ...

Understanding the way a wave moves through granular materials—after an earthquake, for example—has vast implications for modern science. After all, scientists use stress wave propagation through ...

The hybrid behaviour of sand and foams has fascinated physicists for decades, and lies at the heart of Liu and Nagel's jamming diagram 2 (see Fig. 1a of the paper 1). The idea behind this diagram is ...