In this video, we explore the Standard Model of particle physics, detailing the quantum field theories that describe fundamental particles and forces in the universe. Topics covered include: - ...

Van der Waals forces represent a fundamental type of interaction between molecules. Named after the Dutch physicist Johannes Diderik van der Waals, these intermolecular forces include attractions and ...

What is a Surface Force Apparatus (SFA)? The Surface Force Apparatus (SFA) is a highly sensitive scientific instrument used to measure the forces between two surfaces at the nanoscale. It allows ...