Force spectroscopy relies on the precise measurement of forces acting on a probe as it interacts with a sample. The key principles of force spectroscopy include: AFM-based force spectroscopy is the ...

To study the interactions between electrons in a material, physicists have come up with a number of tricks over the years. These interactions are interesting, among other things, because they lead to ...

Atomic Force Microscopy-based SMFS is widely used due to its high force sensitivity and spatial resolution. In this technique, a biomolecule is attached between a surface and an AFM cantilever. As the ...