About 20% of people who have spinal surgery may feel pain, known as post-laminectomy syndrome (PLS), afterward. In addition to pain, PLS may cause tingling, weakness, numbness, or stiffness in the ...

Flatback syndrome occurs when the lower spine loses its curve and becomes straight. A flat back causes symptoms such as persistent back pain and an inability to stand upright. The human spine has ...

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure that fuses (attaches) two or more vertebrae together. It’s usually done to reduce pain and improve the stability of the spine. While it can be a helpful procedure ...

Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) have two main types — complete and incomplete. Their symptoms vary according to the type, location, and extent of the injury, so healthcare providers find treating these ...