An ostium primum atrial septal defect (ASD) occurs when then atrial septum near the atrioventricular valves has a communication between the two atrium causing a left to right shunt. This rarely ...

An atrial septal defect of the secundum type is relatively common and occurs from failure of the septum secundum to develop. This results in a communication between the left and right atrium directly ...

An atrial septal defect is an opening or hole in the wall that sits between the heart’s two upper chambers. The heart’s upper chambers are called the right and left atria. Some people refer to atrial ...

Beijing Zhongke Journal Publising Co. Ltd. Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common birth defects, occurring in approximately 0.9% of live births. Sadly, they are also the leading cause of ...

Note to users with standard 28.8 kbps - 56 kbps modem internet connections: This case study contains echocardiography video sequences that may prove too large to properly synchronize with the audio ...

Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther. 2007;5(6):1135-1146. Diagnosing a secundum ASD is more often than not incidental because the defect normally causes symptoms late in adult life. Echocardiography and MRI ...

Atrial septal defect closure techniques have evolved considerably over recent decades. Traditional surgical repair, once the mainstay of treatment for congenital heart anomalies, has gradually been ...